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Quinn argued against excommunication, he told me, but he did not have the final say. The Quarum of 12 Apostles wanted to ex her, but the Quarum of Public Relations blocked their move. However, we believe that Latter-day Saints who are committed to the mission of their Church and the well-being of their fellow members will strive to be sensitive to those matters that are more appropriate for private conferring and correction than for public debate. There are times, they added, when public discussion of sacred or personal matters is inappropriate., The Statement on Symposia was another tear in the already fraying relationship between church leaders and scholars. Two decades ago, Maxine Hanks could not have imagined where her spiritual journey would take her, but she knew this much: She would not likely be walking into the waters of Mormon baptism. After a prayer, the stake president explains to them the details of the case. Sign Up. Hed better start keeping it to himself. Peggy Fletcher Stack, David Noyce 3/23/2022. In September, Hanks wrote Quinn another letter, saying that he had listened, twice, to a recording of Quinns paper about the Baseball Baptism Program, delivered at the Sunstone Symposium that summer. I now publicly declare that my advice to the Latter-day Saints is to refrain from contracting any marriage forbidden by the law of the land, it says. In both forms of LDS courts, the accused is typically allowed to bring in character witnesses. ", Kelly writes in London's Guardian newspaper "For me it is because of my faith and not in spite of it that I have a desire to stand up for myself and my sisters. . It had since become the premier event for the so-called scholars and intellectuals of Mormonism to gather and exchange ideas. In 1961, when Michael Quinn was a devout Mormon of 17, his best friends girlfriend gave him a copy of Family Kingdom, a biography of the one-time apostle John W. Taylor. They never gave me one reason. Hed been told it was an unusually accepting congregation. Lavina Fielding Anderson may have been excommunicated from the LDS Church for apostasy more than 20 years ago, but don't think for a minute that this Utah writer is now an outsider to her faith. Quinn was convinced, in any case, that his fate in any disciplinary council was predetermined, that Boyd K. Packer wanted him out of the church and Hanks was going to make it happen. From that point on, she explored various Christian teachings and practices, assisted clergy with religious services and served as volunteer chaplain at Holy Cross Chapel for 13 years. Mormons from around the world have gathered to listen to church leaders during the two-day conference. I wouldn't give it up, but promised him I wouldn't use it. In the first few days after the bombings, several people who had come into contact with Hofmann feared for their lives. It was his death and funeral that prompted the couples current bishop to bring up the possibility of her rejoining the church. In it, Harris, who paid for the first printing of the Book of Mormon, tells a story of that books origins strikingly different from Smiths later, official account. The book won an award from the American Historical Association, but it brought Quinn more grief in Utah. The stake president, who oversees a number of congregations, remained optimistic, she said, zeroing in on the words, at this time., But the writer replied, Theres hope, and then theres experience., Besides, she said, it was a form letter.. Lavina Fielding Anderson may have been excommunicated from the LDS Church for apostasy more than 20 years ago, but don't think for a minute that this Utah writer is now an outsider to her faith. At Sunstone, Hanks described her path back to Mormonism as a heros journey, la Joseph Campbell. They can't ex someone with that king of lineage. The church reports a worldwide membership of 16 million. Mormons devote one sacrament meeting each month to personal testimonies, and Quinn was sure this would be his last opportunity to offer his in church. . Quinn, who later assisted the police in their investigation, did not go home for several days. They had the responsibility to preserve the doctrinal purity of the church, they said, adding that, because Mormon leaders are constrained by confidentiality rules, the media have relied on information supplied by those disciplined or by their sympathizers. Similar councils occurred more sporadically over the next few years. The noisy nonsense on-screen felt to Quinn like a rough equivalent of what the church was doing to him. Quinns polygamy essay, meanwhile, produced more trouble for him with LDS leaders. He had become a father figure of sorts, even officiating at Quinns marriage ceremony. Then he made copies of his letter and Hanks' letter and dropped them off at the offices of Vern Anderson and Peggy Fletcher Stack, a former Sunstone editor who had become a religion reporter for . Quinn showed that Brigham Young had a legitimate claim to the calling, though he was not the only one who did. If the blessing really happened, then Brigham Young, who led the early Mormons to Utah, might have been wrong to seize control of the church after Smiths murder. The high council also heard from Andersons son, Christian, who offered his personal assessment. Ill come get him. At Yale, while serving as one of two counselors to the local bishop, he found unanswered letters in the wards files from people who wished to leave the church. (Quinn is known professionally as D. Michael Quinn; the first name on his birth certificate is Dennis.) He himself did not even stay in town. Peggy Fletcher Stack writes for the Salt Lake Tribune. The main target of the statement, issued in August 1991, was the Sunstone Symposium, an annual gathering started by Sunstone magazine 12 years before. It had been a difficult year. It was already, in the minds of some, a dangerous pursuit, and it had now become a deadly one, marred by fraud and riddled with errors. He was the first academic to occupy the post, previously held only by high-ranking LDS leaders, and his appointment signaled a broader effort to reorganize the historians office along professional lines. [5] She then received a fellowship to work in the Church History Division of the LDS Church (then run by Leonard J. One of the central questions in the aftermath of Septembers events was just how involved Packer himself had been in them. Quinn got hate mail. He turned 65 two years later, making him eligible for Social Security and Medicare. She's been covering religion for the paper since 1991 taking on a variety of topics, but mostly the LDS Church. She said she was really angry at the church, not at me. Part of what I feel is a calling to be there. He never wrote another work of fiction. The meaning of EXCOMMUNICATION is an ecclesiastical censure depriving a person of the rights of church membership. A year later, David J. McLean, president of the Salt Lake Liberty Stake, reconvened a high council, a body that had excommunicated her 25 years and six months earlier for apostasy, Anderson wrote in a summary of her experience for a forthcoming volume of her essays, Mercy Without End: Toward a More Inclusive Church.. . Peggy Fletcher Stack is an American journalist, editor, and author. The Salt Lake Tribune . Once in a while such a case will hit the press. By Peggy Fletcher Stack. "All they asked me about was my relationship to Jesus Christ. The regional council forwarded her request to church headquarters, with the recommendation that she be approved for rebaptism. "Nobody asked me to disavow my book or stop writing," Hanks told The Salt Lake Tribune that year. The intellectual climate had improved under Oaks, people said. I know how to avoid people I didnt want to be in contact with, he says. The kindness of my ward members has been really important. Like Robert Kirby, it would be a shit storm to ex her. In the field of Mormon history the changes are particularly pronounced. And it was not popular with those of the brethren that Quinn had already angered with his talk on Mormon history four years before. KRE/AMB END STACK Right next to Pauls was Lavinas description of her beliefs in Jesus Christ, Mormon founder Joseph Smith, the scriptural text he produced, The Book of Mormon, and the role of prophets. [4], She won the 2004 Cornell Award for 'Excellence in Religion ReportingMid-sized Newspapers' from the Religion Newswriters Association in 2004, an award she also received in 2012, 2017, and 2018. Some church leaders continued to marry multiple wives, which is why there was a Second Manifesto in 1904, during the Reed Smoot congressional hearings. She currently serves on the . Photo by George Frey/Bloomberg via Getty Images. By Peggy Fletcher Stack After an exhausting six-hour disciplinary hearing Sunday, Mormon leaders temporarily suspended Grant H. Palmer's membership in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. In May 1993, apostle Boyd K. Packer said the church's three greatest threats came from feminists, gays and intellectuals. Later he was told that despite his request that no one speak for him, a friend had attended and done just that, playing recordings of Quinns presentations at past Sunstone Symposia and reading excerpts from his writings. According the her Wikipedia page: She is a great-granddaughter of Heber J. The stake president said I was "exed" for apostasy but I didn't really fit the handbook definition. ", Hanks' rebaptism suggests a difference in LDS leadership from then to now, said Dan Wotherspoon, Sunstone's editor from 2001 to 2008. By Peggy Fletcher Stack. During Sunday school, a man approached him and said, The bishop would like to talk to you. Quinn dreaded what was coming. This was hard on Paul [who works at Brigham Young University]. But the third bomb, which badly injured but did not kill Hofmann, hinted at a tie to the salamander letter, a disputed historical document that Christensen had purchased from Hofmann a year before and which had inspired Quinns latest research project, a book eventually titled Early Mormonism and the Magic Worldview. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. It was held by the stake high council, and so my bishop and ward members took the position that that was their doing. That was my decision. LDS Church wants to light up a temple in a place that prides itself on dark skies, For husband-and-wife team, this new restaurant is the culmination of a decadeslong dream, article she wrote in Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Women and Authority: Re-Emerging Mormon Feminism, Kate Kelly, was excommunicated in June 2014. Press J to jump to the feed. Most memorably, Harris says that the spirit who appeared to Smith and directed him to the golden platesfrom which Smith claimed to have translated Mormonisms founding scriptureappeared as a white salamander and struck Smith three times. I said I didn't think members believe general authorities don't make mistakes. While LDS leaders can be defensive about media attention, sustained criticism from the outside world seems to have an effect. A second bomb that first day killed Kathy Sheets, the wife of one of Christensens former business partners. Stack has been the lead religion writer for The Salt Lake Tribune since 1991. Taking the sacrament because it's an exclusion I feel every single week. I used to think Steve Benson was a bad person. For the next year and a half, Quinn spent hours every week in the archives, taking detailed notes on diaries that belonged to 19th-century Mormon leaders, among other documents. Maybe, I suggested, he was trying to bring his full self out into the open. Peggy Fletcher. "All they asked me about was my relationship to Jesus Christ.". Hofmann eventually became, in the words of one expert, the most skilled forger this country has ever seen. For LDS leaders nervous about church history, he was a nightmare personified: a lying, murderous man hell-bent on embarrassing the religion while glorifying and enriching himself. Today my story was picked up by the Salt Lake Tribune in Peggy Fletcher Stack's thoughtful article about excommunication. He took a fellowship at the Huntington Library, near his hometown of Pasadena, Calif., and began indexing his enormous collection of notes on old Mormon documents, in preparation for his next book. Peggy Fletcher-Stack: Hi Dave. After Paul Toscano was excommunicated, Steve Benson, grandson of the then Mormon prophet, met privately with the apostles Dallin H. Oaks and Neal A. Maxwell, and asked them aboutamong many other thingsthe rumor that Packer had something to do with it. Report a missed paper by emailingsubscribe@sltrib.comor calling801-237-2900, For e-edition questions or comments, contact customer support801-237-2900or emailsubscribe@sltrib.com. Quinn told friends that he did not want anyone to lobby on his behalf. By Peggy Fletcher Stack and David Noyce Sep. 7, 2022 What this sociologist (Darron Smith) and Peggy Fletcher Stack fail to recognize is that Mormon racism isn't in the past, it's in the present. The truth is not uplifting. Thats according to Quinnmy request to speak with Packer, whose health has badly deteriorated in recent years, was declined. I didn't have any doubts. Few people had attended the talk itself, but an independent BYU newspaper ran a story about it, and copies of Quinns remarks, titled On Being a Mormon Historian, began to circulate. Article type . The nature of religion reporting in Utah is changing. This friend, Quinn says, told him that the men on the council disagreed about whether Quinn was an apostate, and that President Hanks finally declared that Boyd K. Packer was pressing him to take action, and they needed to do something. His hiring was vetoed by the ASU administration, and many observers believe the administration caved to pressure from Ira Fulton, a Mormon donor who between 2003 and 2006 gave at least $155 million to the school. West did not formally revoke the recommend, he just put it in his drawer. But multiple faculty members argued that, in the words of one professor, Mike was not the right person to head up any kind of Mormon history or Mormonstudies program given the fact hes very publicly excommunicated. Packers notion that those writing church history should share only those things that are faith-promoting is not just intellectually offensive nowit has become quaint, the relic of a time when information was not so freely available. With no regular income to speak of, Quinn moved into his mothers condo in Rancho Cucamonga, Calif. When interviewing Quinn in 76, Packer said, I have a hard time with historians, because they idolize the truth. At least, that's how Hall sees it. Quinn was an ordinance worker, meaning he went to the temple regularly and helped others perform those rites. . Anderson was photographed at her Salt Lake City home on Wednesday, Sept. 4, 2019. Peggy Fletcher Stack. He does not have friends in Rancho Cucamonga. Disciplinary councils still happen, though they appear to be less frequent, particularly when it comes to apostasy. How did you find out about the impending disciplinary hearing? (Trent Nelson | The Salt Lake Tribune) Lavina Fielding Anderson, who was excommunicated in 1993 as part of the so-called September Six, has had her request for rebaptism into the LDS Church rejected by the faith's governing First Presidency after being approved by her local lay leaders. What's happening is so wrong. Peggy Fletcher was raised in New Jersey, daughter of physicist Robert Chipman Fletcher and Rosemary Bennett, one of five girls and three boys. A church spokesman told him that it did exist, and the First Presidency issued a formal statement about it the following week. In the summer of 1952, the late Sterling McMurrin, an eminent philosopher and writer, met with two LDS apostles to defend his theological views.With complete candor, McMurrin laid out for Elders Joseph Fielding Smith and Harold . Quinn is no longer actively seeking an academic job. Mike Quinn in his Rancho Cucamonga home in California this summer. Especially considering that in a lot of cases she's the one doing the exposing My guess is she's a let's-reform-this-baby-from-within progressive. The biggest thing that got me was the excommunication of bill reel segment of the Mormon stories podcast. That's a good question. Hankswhose nephew Paul would show up on Quinns doorstep in 1993was himself a general authority, and he had overseen the two-year Mormon mission Quinn served in England after his freshman year at BYU. Stack has been the lead religion writer for The Salt Lake Tribune since 1991. He, the bishop, and the other counselor held the necessary courts, excommunicating those who wanted out. In a detailed confession, Hofmann said that he had secretly stopped believing in Mormonism as a teenager and had hatched a plan to embarrass the church by creating fake documents that exposed uncomfortable facts about early Mormon history. There have always been dissidents in the Mormon ranksthe religion itself is one particularly dramatic dissent from the rest of Christian traditionbut a new community of Mormon intellectuals had coalesced in the 1960s and 70s. The latter, a smaller school, offered less money, but BYU had its own drawbacks: It was and is a conservative place, politically as well as religiously. [9] She started the "Faith" column after a discussion with Tribune editor Jay Shelledy. Many religions have strictures that establish who is in and who is out, but the Mormon church draws a brighter line than most. The same group of local church leaders who participated in Gileadi's excommunication were present at the baptism service. Quinns mother, on the other hand, was a sixth-generation Mormon: She had an ancestor who converted when the Mormons were still in Nauvoo, Ill., and who is mentioned in Joseph Smiths journals. By Peggy Fletcher Stack The Salt Lake Tribune. But Packer certainly said similar things before larger audiences. What do you think about these potential actions against Kate Kelly and John Dehlin? Whether Quinns fate had truly been sealed is hard to say. Today, its Nelson, with a new counselor, Oaks, instead of Dieter F. Uchtdorf. All rights reserved. We had a family devotional every night with prayer, singing and scripture reading. As Quinn writes, the Manifesto inherited ambiguity, was created in ambiguity, and produced ambiguity.. One Sunday in February of 1993, Michael Quinn was home sick with a fever when his doorbell rang. (These soon-to-be former Mormons were not required to attend.) The prophet at the time was Ezra Taft Benson, who, at age 94, was mostly incapacitated. Hanks worked for the Church Educational System, where Packer had long been an administrator, and Quinn heard that Loren C. Dunn, a friend of Packers and fellow general authority, had spoken to Hanks personally. Not long after that, the bishop met with Anderson and asked her ever so gently if she would like to discuss reinstatement. . In October, the Salt Lake Tribune reported that a threatening phone call had been made to the home of a local man named Michael D. Quinn. Or a great one, if possible: Since childhood, Quinn had been told by his grandmother that someday he would be an apostle of the church. The symposium's "Pillars of My Faith" session will showcase a similar path, said Mary Ellen Robertson, Sunstone's interim executive director. He went to stay instead with an old college friend, Richard Lambert. Though the letter from the current First Presidency made up of church President Russell M. Nelson and counselors Dallin H. Oaks and Henry B. Eyring offered no explanation for the rejection, Bowman speculates that there may be at least two possible answers history and dissent. And the Tribune is changing with it. A candlelight vigil was held outside the Salt Lake City meetinghouse where it took place. Peggy Fletcher Stack was born and raised in New Jersey; studied at the Graduate Theological Union in Berkeley, California; traveled through Africa for two years with her news-photographer husband; and worked at Books and Religion in Manhattan before settling down as a religion writer at The Salt Lake Tribune. Ive had more than one therapist Ive talked to about this issue say, Dont you see that you were purposely setting yourself up for this fall? he told me. Packer approved Quinns hiring, but he may have come to regret it five years later. West said hed been told by a higher authority to take further action to remedy the situation, Quinn says. Many people do reside in the borderlands between Mormon and not. The church declined to comment on the decision. . The day before, a similar bomb had killed Steve Christensen, a friend and Mormon history enthusiast who had arranged for Quinn to speak at lunch and dinner engagements, paying him with generous gift cards to his fathers clothing store. Ironically, this testimony only ever deserted him on his Mormon mission. She has been visited by all her ward and stake leaders since 1993, she said, but this was the first time anyone had ever proposed it. BYU and Utah State both wanted to hire him. Half of these men speak for the accused, and half for the church. Grant, a President of the LDS Church and is the granddaughter of United States Senator from Utah Wallace F. Bennett. Most people don't know I've been excommunicated. Peggy Fletcher Stack has been reporting on faith and religion since 1991. The cabin has no phone access, so I had months [after her initial conversation with the stake president] to think about it. In May, my stake president called me in about it. (He took the surname from actor Anthony Quinn, whom he knew growing up in the Los Angeles barrio.) Crucially, much of that project is onlinemore than anything, the Internet has revolutionized the field. A view of the Salt Lake Temple outside Olympic Medals Plaza in Salt Lake City, Utah. Arrington). He wrote a short story about two male missionaries in Louisiana who become attracted to each other and are stalked by a religious psychopath. That came out in early 1993. That was established definitively in 1986 after Hofmann confessed to the murders of Christensen and Sheets as part of a plea to avoid the death penalty. [14] Along with five other reporters, she won a Pulitzer Prize in 2017 in the Local Reporting category for a series of stories about sexual assault victims at BYU. At first, his timing appeared serendipitous: In 1972, while he was completing a masters in history at the University of Utah, an academic named Leonard Arrington was appointed church historian. Hanks officially came back into the fold in 2012. Truth is, she has never stopped attending her Mormon ward. The most threatening thing about Ordain Women to people in the church is that it is coming from faithful, devout, courageous, wonderful women and that's more threatening than anything could be. My dad was a bishop twice. And he based at least one of his forgeries on the work of Michael Quinn. The book opened Quinns teenage eyes to dissent within the highest echelons of LDS leadership, and to the apostles debateand apparent dissemblingabout plural marriage after 1890. The fact that we keep going to church is a blessing. Neither Paul nor I nor Christian had to field a single negative comment the next week, when we went to church in our ward. [5] She met Mike Stack when he volunteered as a photographer for Sunstone in 1984, and they married in October 1985. It is provided only for personal research purposes and may not be reprinted. Today, LDS leaders seem more inclined to recognize, said Wotherspoon, now host of the "Mormon Matters" podcast, "that Zion is made up of people of all types. She was the editor of Hastings Center Report from 1986 until 1991, when she was hired to start the "Faith" column in the Salt Lake Tribune. That last comment became the caption for a Newsweek photo three months later, when the magazines religion reporter, Kenneth L. Woodward, wrote a 1,000-word story about Quinns talk and the controversy it prompted. In Mormon history circles, this period is often called the Camelot years., After those 18 months, Quinn left for Yale to do a Ph.D. and finished it in just three years. What's it like going to church for two decades as an excommunicated member? The second thing that happens is members learn to be afraid of leaders, and leaders learn to be afraid of members. She won the Cornell Award for Excellence in Religion ReportingMid-sized Newspapers from the Religious News Association in 2004, 2012, 2017, 2018, and 2022. Bad marriages had women running to and away from . By then, Quinn had more or less moved on. I have been doing that for 18 years. In the past, many Mormon officials had a sense, he said, that the church must protect its members from "wolves among them.". Dated Oct. 23, 1830, the letter was addressed to an early Mormon convert named W.W. Phelps and signed Martin Harris. On Sunday with similar church disciplinary actions threatening Mormon feminist Kate Kelly and blogger John Dehlin, Anderson discussed her spiritual journey: What triggered the LDS Church's disciplinary action against you? I could imagine the First Presidency thinking that this is not an episode worth revisiting, Bowman wrote in an email. Gileadi was not part of the Sunstone and Dialogue circles that the others moved in; he had been writing and teaching popular workshops about biblical and Book of Mormon prophecies, which appear to have been deemed false doctrine by LDS leaders. England said he knew about this espionage systemit was called the Strengthening Church Members Committee, and it compiled documents and highlighted statements considered critical of the church. The Mormon church holds two different kinds of disciplinary councils: a more elaborate process that is often reserved for those who hold the Melchizedek priesthoodgenerally speaking, all devout adult menand a simpler process mostly used for those who dontmeaning women and men who have not advanced far in the church. I asked Quinn this past summer if he thought the provocations he penned as a historian might have been fueled on some level by his own inner conflict with Mormon teachingsif perhaps, unconsciously, he wanted to force a showdown with church authorities. When his mother died in 2007, she left him the condo. They didn't say anything. My guess is she has to be to keep the doors open so people willing to talk to her. When I make comments in Sunday school and Relief Society, they are accepted as anyone else's. I have kept my covenants, remained close to the church and have felt that what I have done is accepted by the Lord, the Salt Lake City editor and writer said. This has been intentional. I see her articles on here all the time and the Tribune has never really been a friend to the TSCC. A member of that sect told Quinn about a since renounced bit of theology once preached by Brigham Young, referred to as the Adam-God doctrine. Youngs notion, roughly speaking, was that God and Adam are one and the same. He went to San Diego to give the keynote address for the annual conference held by Affirmation, a support group for gay and lesbian Mormons, and he stayed in California for several days afterward. Knowing that our Heavenly Parents are both male and female teaches me that our potential as women is limitless. was pressured to resign from Brigham Young University and subsequently excommunicated from the faith in 1993 as part of the famed "September Six . Did the Utah Legislature do enough to save the Great Salt Lake? They don't feel safe enough to keep going it's such a terrible, terrible loss. She studied "traditional, sacramental Christianity and priesthood," Hanks said this week. Lavina Fielding Anderson decided not to appear at her court, either, which took place at another Salt Lake meetinghouse a few days afterward. (Quinn attempted to reach this friend through a third party before my piece was finished, but declined to give me his name before speaking to him.) Once the kids were interested, the missionaries were supposed to contact their parents, with the aim of converting whole families. Hymns were sung. I had received a blessing from a former stake president, assuring me that when the time was right, it would come very easily, so I could be at peace. It was really important to Paul and me that Christian grow up in a religious community, and the church was the one we chose. I assumed there was a way to work it out. There would be quite a number of people in the Mormon community who would look unfavorably on that. Later that year, Quinn was recommended for a one-year appointment at Arizona State. According the her Wikipedia page: She is a great-granddaughter of Heber J. Since then, only one Avraham Gileadi, an Old Testament scholar who has spent his life researching and . Last edited on 30 November 2022, at 04:21, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "Speaking Tubes in the Household of Faith", "A Light Unto the World: Image Building Is Anathema to Christian Living", "From the Editors: Stretching Toward the Light", "From the Editors: A Failure to Communicate", "Church Historian: Evolution of a Calling", "Tales of a true believer: picking up faith along the way", "Books: Mormon Novels Entertain While Teaching Lessons", "Twenty Years Ago in Sunstone: Symbol and Promise", "Peggy Fletcher Stack: Happy 100th to my physicist father, who remains a truth seeker in science and faith", "Utahn who pioneered synthesized stereo sound will receive posthumous Grammy", "Despite Growth, Mormons Find New Hurdles", "Nobody Knows Religion Quite Like Peggy Fletcher Stack", "Religion Newswriters Association honors top religion reporting", "Religion News Association names winners of 2017 Awards for Excellence in Religion Reporting", "Winners named in 2018 RNA Awards for Religion Reporting Excellence", "Journalism Awards - Winners and Articles", "The 2017 Pulitzer Prize Winner in Local Reporting: The Salt Lake Tribune Staff", "Religion Newswriters Association announces 2008 contest winners", "Religion Newswriters Association names winners of 2015 Awards for Excellence in Religion Reporting", "Religion News Association names winners of 2016 Awards for Excellence in Religion Reporting", "SL Tribune's Peggy Fletcher Stack wins top religion reporting prize for fifth year", "Dreams, Dollars, and Dr. Pepper: Allen Roberts & Peggy Fletcher Years (19781980)", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peggy_Fletcher_Stack&oldid=1124718303, "Nation's Founders: How Religious Were They?

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