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They show the shape of the land the mountains, valleys, and plains by means of brown contour lines, The concept that describes the hierarchy of stream types (see image). Blended Finance: S;xMx /S There are five of these boundary currents. In this event, students will use process skills to complete tasks related to Earth's fresh waters. . These tides occur when the earth, moon and sun are in a straight line. Qtf _|3R?jRHa(MI High score wins. A result of constructive and destructive interference that is seen on shore when waves do not all appear with a uniform size. lines of equal elevation of groundwater elevation; indicate the elevation of the water table at that location (on a topo map) (see image), Are perpendicular to contour lines and show the direction in which water flows on a topo map. The temperature in this zone is constant. there is no net transmission of energy in a standing wave, the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface influenced by the moon's gravity pulling on earth. =landfills, =burning of fossil fuels Operates: In relatively shallow water on a cable or line triggered with a messenger The acoustic Doppler technique and acoustic backscattering also have potential for measuring the biomass of animals that reflect the sound signals. Dl _[\Bsd t:j9wfXz endobj xc```b``fg`2 ff`2Y$bW77ac`v V1tEY8X?`vbwbAtMq@- Hs 1HAqJX0t00 K4 High water position corresponding to a tidal crest, Low water position corresponding to a tidal trough. Suppose a meteor having a mass of 7.0 kg passes within 3.0 m of the surface of the satellite. caused by the gravitational and inertial interaction of the sun and earth. (b Dynamic Planet is an event concerned with the processes which change the Earth. These springs slowly let water out through loose soil or rock and are often found in land depressions or low in valleys. An underwater moutain chain where new ocean floor is formed. stream stream A delta where wave action has the strongest control on its outline. << /Pages 152 0 R /Type /Catalog >> a cascade of water falling from a height, formed when a river or stream flows over a precipice or steep incline. A depression produced in a region where soluble rock has been removed by groundwater, A kind of sinkhole that forms when water dissolves the surface rock, creating a depression; they occur in areas where limestone is exposed at the surface or is covered by thin layers of soil or sand. Is related to changes in temperature of a gas or object without changes in phases. 39 0 obj The reference level (0.0) from which tidal height is measured. Dynamic Planet Science Olympiad 2021 Flashcards | Quizlet Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Ocean basins, Sediment, Oceanic heat budget and more. Depth, ecosystem (plant life), sediment type, outflow source/s, inflow source/s, Importance chemicals to lake life: nitrogen and phosphorus A piston corer can return a cylinder of sediment up to 100 feet (33 meters) long that may encompass several million years of sedimentary history. https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/physical-ocean/currents, https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts-education-resources/ocean-currents, also the Gulf Streams ties to the Bermuda High , https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/SeaIce, Regarding animal communication, the answer may be yes as well, but I havent done a ton of digging into it yet, so Im not totally sure about details. Ocean water freezes at a lower temperature than freshwater. Campus Box 8211 A kind of sinkhole that tends to develop gradually where the covering sediments are permeable and contain sand. Recently developed dual-frequency sidescan sonar can even be used to distinguish rock types. Collective term for the dripstone features found in caverns (Cave formations), formed by the dissolution of limestone deposits, Large landslides can block rivers and create lakes in the mountains, These lakes are caused by the activities of living organisms, Lack of mixing of a lake due to differences in water temperature (density), Waves produced by the energy of moving water, water-saturated land area that supports aquatic plants. Acoustic tomography employs the effect of temperature on the speed of sound in seawater (sound travels faster in warmer water) to record temperature profiles over long ocean transects. Multibeam bathymetric systems available on some of the larger UNOLS vessels generally consist of two instrument arrays attached to the ship's hull. At the base of this mixing layer is the beginning of the thermocline. +A spring where groundwater seeps out at the surface. In the North Atlantic, this runs somewhat southwest to northeast, while in the North Pacific it runs much more east-west. +This spring occurs in underground cave systems, which resemble underground highways or tubes The length of time the wind blows, the fetch and this are three factors that affect wind wave development. Freshwater in the form of vapor moves from the ocean to the atmosphere through evaporation causing the higher salinity. Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich bottom water through _____? mature wind waves of one wavelength that form orderly undulations of the ocean surface. the movement of organic and inorganic particles by water, gravity, wind, ice, etc. what is the deepest part of the ocean called? Sound is also used for geophysical exploration of the seafloor and the layers beneath it. The rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air, this causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic due to carbonic acid (which forms from carbon dioxide and water) as rain erodes rock, acids in rain water break down rock, this process creates ions, or electrically charged atomic particals. Ocean circulation changes impact the food chain, including animals that live in polar regions or visit polar regions if they migrate. Data from the 10,000 XBTs U.S. oceanographers launch annually are a major source of physical oceanographic information. The deepest zone of the ocean, it extends from 19,700 feet (6,000 meters) to the very bottom at 35,797 ft. (10,911 meters) in the Mariana trench off the coast of Japan. Sophisticated data processing reveals the effects of temperature, density, and currents on its travel time. Each team may bring two stand-alone calculators ofany type. the maximum size of the pieces of sediment that a given body of water, ice, wind, etc. The temperature is constant at just above freezing. Division B/C Division B only Division C only Astronomy. When the water level in an area is rising, its called a _____, when the water level in an area is falling, its called a _____ tide. << /Filter /FlateDecode /S 167 /Length 151 >> What does oxygen% vary with in ocean surface water? Commonly these come from a submarine hills or glaciers. << /Type /XRef /Length 66 /Filter /FlateDecode /DecodeParms << /Columns 5 /Predictor 12 >> /W [ 1 3 1 ] /Index [ 133 26 ] /Info 145 0 R /Root 135 0 R /Size 159 /Prev 446956 /ID [<2d92f2a28170415fac90dfa552561314><2d92f2a28170415fac90dfa552561314>] >> Over time, surface drainage, erosion, and deposition of sinkhole into a shallower bowl-shaped depression. In general this means that the boundary between the subtropical and subpolar gyres lies along the maximum of the westerly wind jet. These waves move through water shallower than 1/20 their wavelength, These waves travel though water deeper than 1/20 but shallower than 1/2 their wavelength. Notes: Is made of brass and will bend if used to sample a rocky bottom, Samples: Rocky bottoms Ship-wire-deployed and free-drifting water sampling and incubation instruments measure plant nutrient uptake, bacterial incorporation of dissolved organics, and plankton feeding rates. -#4yl&r35_TPyl%|zzOoT-OA$j&zr{Q{B 0b:cH7?a z@j0n*'HoOQT(P7#U`fW5[2 oGTgopb h%>[ 0 zFT'x*w@JBd)[y{~M Notes: Water is sampled in a sterile container for bacterial examination, Samples: Water << /Linearized 1 /L 448024 /H [ 775 232 ] /O 137 /E 107744 /N 17 /T 446955 >> =industrial waste the quantity of water in a stream that passes a given point in a period of time; an outflow of water from a stream, pipe, groundwater aquifer, or watershed; the opposite of recharge. Surface water seeps into the ground and recharges the underlying aquifer while groundwater discharges to the surface and supplies the stream with more water. Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. -from factories There is a nick point here. %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C Waves with a tiny wavelength less than 1.73cm. Notes: Extremely heavy and can take a sample of the hardest rocky ocean bottoms (like granite and marble), Samples: Bottom sediments (mud or sand) When the ice melts in the summer, it releases nutrients into the water, stimulating the growth of phytoplankton, the center of the marine food web. Why do you think the arrangement of neuron layers is sometimes described as backwards?. =wind what is the type of wind driven wave that is found in large bays or semi enclosed areas? A very early, simple satellite consisted of an inflated spherical aluminum balloon 30 m in diameter and of mass 20 kg. Television cameras serve as "eyes" for the shipboard researchers, who receive television signals and control the vehicle via a fiber-optic cable. stream Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface. when high water rises above a river's banks and overspills them. +ecosystem the movement of water through the biosphere, Release of harmful materials into the environment, the contamination of the atmosphere by the introduction of pollutants from human and natural sources, the addition of any substance that has a negative effect on water or the living things that depend on the water, The contamination of land by both solid and hazardous waste, pollutants being added to soil by agricultural runoffs, unclean technology, waste disposal. surface winds drive surface currents, and each layer of water drags the layer below, but the Coriolis Force changes each layer's direction slightly to make a spiral effect. =acid rain Cycle B passes Cycle C. Teams may also be asked to draw conclusions and predict likely future occurrences based on historic information. As the preset series of experiments on the seawater/sediment surface boundary begin, the lander confirms its activity to the ship, which then steams away to return several weeks later for recovery of the lander. = void volume/total volume. bottom drag, slow moving trough, shallow water, bentcusp. Assuming that each motorcycle continues to travel toward the finish line at the given constant velocity above, which event will occur first? Raleigh, NC 27695. Allows for drainage of excess water. a maritime tropical air mass is likely to be what? The southern boundary of the subtropical gyre is similarly associated with the maximum in the easterly winds. das Pergamonmuseum. ; they occur where the covering sediments contain a significant amount of clay. the slope of the water table; the driving force that causes groundwater to move in the direction of maximum decreasing total head. The temperate regions are characterized by____? a spring whose water flows from a crack in the cap rock over the aquifer. no clear pattern, areas covered by continental galcial ice sheet. The Gulf Stream is an example of this type of boundary current. Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. Horizontal distance between two consecutive wave crests or wave troughs, Vertical distance between a wave crest and an adjacent wave trough. Wind waves are one example of these waves. List the three layers of neurons in the human retina, from the layer facing the inside of the eyeball to the layer that contacts the choroid. Where is a semidesert most likely to be found? t6X>rF>5$mgRKnZ['>(i%KLF[i2P/KMmw-]"K6} 1\IVV }RMWGKo287V#|RS( a single channel that winds snakelike over the area it covers. Relationships between plants and animals of a biome having to do with what they eat. Think underground water storage (confined = impenetrable (low permeability) rock above them, unconfined = permeable solid layer above them, A body of distinctly less permeable material that is located above or below one or more aquifers. Lots of great information on this channel!Tremor Tracker for iPadA model of Three FaultsInvestigating Plate Tectonics with Google EarthDiscovering Plate BoundariesPinterest Boardwith great Earth Science ideas from the National Event SupervisorResources for topics NOT in this years rules:Water Science USGSPhoto Glossary of Glacier TermsUMass Glacier Lecture SeriesThe Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resourcesProject OceanographyOceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science, Physical Address endobj About 3.5% of the weight of seawater comes from the dissolved salts; in a cubic mile of seawater, the weight of the salt in the form of sodium chloride would be about 120,000,000 tons. Temperature changes the greatest in this zone as this is the zone which contains the thermocline. Interactions between surface and groundwater. The Science Olympiad Foundation conducts the science Olympiad exam. Skip to content. When seawater freezes, however, the ice contains very little salt because only the water part freezes. what are waves that break along the shore that form a curling crest over an air pocket called? << /Linearized 1 /L 392755 /H [ 859 222 ] /O 41 /E 78972 /N 11 /T 392264 >> In the North Atlantic, this runs somewhat southwest to northeast, while in the North Pacific it runs much more east-west. :pX9-; IYl4!jHQNsTRo%VrnLiK5a?67TNXJ\p'q qjfK56_2]8}dL3p`d8T(o5X:o;;)GdC@=e!/, -+?nj?tRcy{;t-S*4dNTjQOSNV%gjyfU? science olympiad dynamic planet oceanography notes. Which direction do gyres flow in the Northern hemisphere? Dynamic Planet Electric Vehicle ** Experimental Design* Fast Facts * Flight Forestry Green Generation Meteorology * Mission Possible ** Road Scholar* Rocks & Minerals Roller Coaster Solar Power ** Solar System Sounds of Music* Storm the Castle Sunny Day Flooding ** Wheeled Vehicle Write It, Do It ODD,FzSdFyJ]a )AE*p9Vg6)$?,rB#otQRQBvkltf `)M5! The topic changes from year to year. The load contains dissolved materials such as sodium and calcium. Dynamic Planet Division: B - Middle School NC Essential Standards Alignment: 8.E.1 Event Rules: None Event Score Sheet: None National Event Page: Here Required Materials: Each team may bring one 2 or smaller three-ring binder measured by the interior diameter of the rings. (BS(\*'"x ZtXyE|W~WI}|/_P53!6yu]/{8'kp+D&S(@E_/o9XSs Z:* >f:,4)| H+bGz`Pp)g$~*3D~ a9jG>Z$|T'0PWC_z_iPH@ QcLrmqq +Reservoirs behind dams trap sediment which deprives downstream rivers of sediment which is an important part of the ecosystem FyQafhUi41Gd*+{ -#+># 18Q|`j/JP0ICUFQa~18E`"F H der Fernsehturm. Equatorial currents are driven by the___? 41 0 obj B. Teams will then be asked to answer questions, perform calculations, and otherwise solve the tasks they are given. As scientists try to understand movement of materials through the oceanic system, they moor sediment traps at various depths for many months to collect samples of particles sinking through the water column. An area where fresh water from streams and rivers spill into the ocean. E@ (M( ) 3V(E@G*Uqt(P!+U_j{UC2%9GYyOJ8v1Qe:B+*#8SVuim.tR4`7BBBK)sjl$pp*J'm~p+|)Hx+8@TQ 9|'ZJPH"v4: The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused by wind. even at the very bottom, life exists (A tiny single celled organism), Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, Pacific, Southern, Samples: Water +caused by heavy rainfall, the average time between successive geologic events such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, etc. =oil leaks WQB@G0IST>9U'FfW#*QQHy Bj3/3QUQ4 z*=k6P;Vy$nJn j?oWT] +R+|6~UqyT< the area between the high-tide and the low-tide mark. =mining You can find free online copies of the current rules for download on the 2023 Rules page of the Science Olympiad website. In addition to the resources on theEvent Supervisors page, Dynamic Planet Event Supervisors should be sure to use the following resources: 1999-2022 Science Olympiad Inc., a 501(c)(3) non-profit This happens through adhesion and cohesion Movement of saltwater into freshwater aquifers in coastal and inland areas as groundwater is discharged/withdrawn faster than it is recharged by processes like precipitation. +occur when shallow groundwater oozes or "seeps" from the ground over a large area and has no defined discharge point. a wave in which water oscillates without causing progressive wave forward movement. endobj A natural source of water formed when water from an aquifer percolates up to the ground surface. Anchors are connected to holding lines with acoustic couplings that are released to recall the instruments. undersea mountain ranges are ______ than mountains on land. The sensor package includes the capability to telemeter some data on a regular basis via satellite to a central data facility. In a more recent technique, an acoustic Doppler profiler measures currents while a ship is underway. A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental shelf. The ability of a rock, soil, or sediment to let fluids pass through its open spaces or pores. Small sediment and pebbles=more capillarity. 134 0 obj what happens if a swimmer gets caught in a rip current? Salt in the ocean comes from rocks on land. Currents flowing on surface in opposite direction to main currents. Topographic Features of Continental Margins. depends upon the lake level and the capacity of the effluent channel; the amount of water leaving a lake. -HRAC}HL_()O:)lW*18ORzw*BXt$O6H_g:6#MHA?j) l}U@7p>j Kd0}mkT*wv4#(t3DF (P40iDQ (b( 1C;PTB definition of a catalyst: A catalyst increases the yield :.)=@y o'F@ What does constructive interference result in? vtuber dox site. From 3,300 ft. (1,000 meters) to 13,100 ft. (4,000 meters) due to its constant darkness, this zone is also called the midnight zone. endstream -from volcanoes - In the U.S performed by U.S Geological Surveys stream gage stations These devices can also be used on moorings and on profilers. ..spread non-biodegradable materials and air pollutants around the world. A system in a steady state since forward reaction and backward reaction occur at the same rate; the rate of loss is equal to the rate of gain. Typically seawater has close to 35 g of dissolved salts in each L - this is written as 35. H%RJ3HNj('` Sound signals sent from the moving ship bounce back to receivers aboard the ship for processing to give a vertical profile of horizontal water motion relative to the ship. Microscopic, free-floating, autotrophic plant organisms that function as producers in aquatic ecosystems, An organism that gets its food from light, An organism that feeds on dying organisms, a moving ridge on the surface of the water. Topic for 2023 Tournament Season isEarths fresh waters. and more. The restoring force is gravity and momentum. Exchanges across the air-sea interface, including heat and fresh water, couple the ocean and atmosphere and are of major interest in studies of global climate. These waves are the first to form when the wind blows. About a dozen amphidromic points exist in the world ocean. Chambers are then inserted into the sediment and sealed to isolate portions of the bottom from surrounding seawater. Sometimes called the abyssal zone, it extends from 13,100 feet (4,000 meters) to 19,700 ft. (6,000 meters). Some rocks are fractured in a rectangular fashion and streams develop on the fractures. occurs when strong onshore winds push the water inland; flooding from storm surge along coastlines. The drainage pattern developed in this case is called _______ drainage. Cycle A passes Cycle B. endobj - the USGS collects samples from streams across the Nation and analyzes for chemical, physical, and biological properties of water, sediment, and tissue. As the ice melts, it exposes ocean water to sunlight, spurring photosynthesis in phytoplankton. water that contains very low amounts of salts, such as rivers and lakes, show elevation of land with shape and spacing of contour lines; closer lines mean steeper slopes; flat places have widely spaced lines; series of increasingly smaller closed loops indicates hill or mountain, a measure of the relative size of streams. *ZTQ!%*e,w8z2yACs[N#t}NZt>?.9,$#_5c Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2020 Rules)2020 Science Olympiad: Dynamic Planet NOAA2019 Regional Test and answer sheet and figure packetDynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2018 Rules)Dynamic Planet ResourcesGlacial Margin GeologyIce Core ObservationsProperties of IceGlacial Mass BalanceTypes of GlaciersGlacier Landforms and FeaturesGlacier LandformsGlacier Landforms pt 2Glacier HydrologyGlacier Global ImpactThe History of Ice on EarthIce Core BasicsMilankovitch Cycles and GlaciationLaurentide Ice Sheet RetreatIce Sheet ChangesStudying GlaciersCryosphere ChangesOxygen BalanceGlacial DepositsDynamic Planet Great Climateand GlacierGraphsand Maps, 2018 Dynamic Planet Regional Test2018 Dynamic Planet State TestCorrelation of Stratigraphic UnitsDynamic Planet Test from 2016NASAs Earth ObservatoryNCState GeoSciences YouTube channel. What is a gyre? a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger :tRqwZnD7%jI$|B|1GV,-#r b0q{fv+~$}-06vW,By~z5[!X q8RzTSyajQXVJp Zpw$c^m]#u|Run:pFjqfX>jYKvN+zCn)ksNqIC IR>>}2|%DianTRT . Operating in conjunction with pumping systems, these instruments can yield organism samples as well as readings of the water's physical, chemical, and optical properties. endstream a. The pressure in this zone is extreme and at depths of 13,100 feet (4,000 meters), reaches over 5850 pounds per square inch. is a hydroacoustic current meter similar to a sonar, used to measure water current velocities over a depth range using the Doppler effect of sound waves scattered back from particles within the water column. l#">V Uq(UJ9ss&t! Miniaturization in electronics now allows scientists to put computers of increasing sophistication in pressure cases and send them down several thousand meters to control a variety of instruments. %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C Other profilers, including some that measure sound velocity and microturbulence, are dropped from a ship to free-fall to the seafloor, adjust ballast, and return to the surface for retrieval. (b) The molecular weight of estradiol was later determined to be 272. This change in the suns position from winter to summer means that more energy's reaching the ocean and therefore warms the water. 138 0 obj It then adjusts buoyancy as it approaches the bottom to insure a soft landing for the delicate instruments it carries and to avoid disturbing the sediment surface. For many years, current meters have been attached to moorings as described above, left for a time to collect data, and then retrieved.

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